AT HIGHER PRESSURES, LI IS A SUPERCONDUCTOR

At higher pressures, LI is a superconductor

Search for substances that are superconductors at room temperature - one of the most important practical problems facing science. What is important is not only the desired result, but the approaches to it.

One of the candidates in the room-temperature superconductors - hydrogen, of course, not just hydrogen and hydrogen at high pressures. Little practical value hypothetical room- superconductivity of hydrogen obviously can not have, but other than purely scientific value of an experimental demonstration of a superconductor with a transition temperature to the superconducting state (Tc) of 300 K would be very important from a psychological point of view - it is one thing the theoretical possibility of the existence of materials with the desired characteristics, and quite another - that#39;s a feature.

A large number of theoretical calculations, whereby light chemical elements must be superconductors with high critical temperature Tc. To transfer to the superconducting state, these materials must be subjected to severe compression, in particular, the hydrogen estimates give the necessary znchenie pressure of 400 GPa. Such pressure is difficult to obtain in a laboratory, so the prediction of superconductivity of hydrogen are still only predictions.

But you can enjoy its neighbors in the periodic table of elements. The third element of the periodic table is lithium. In contrast, the hydrogen (which must first obtain a solid, which is in itself very difficult) Lithium metal is already at normal pressure. Therefore, it can be expected that the pressure required to transfer lithium to the superconducting state is significantly lower than for hydrogen.

However, the study of the electrical properties of lithium at high pressure prevents its high chemical activity: being placed in a diamond anvil cell to compress, lithium reacts with the diamond, and it does not work.

Recently, physicists at the University of Osaka and Tokyo has finally been experimentally shown that lithium under pressure becomes a superconductor. This occurs at pressures above 30 GPa at 48 GPa Tc is 20 K. This is the highest Tc for a simple one-element superconductors. It is fair to say that the conclusion that the superconductivity of lithium was made by Japanese scientists only on the basis of measurements of the temperature dependence of the resistivity. Due to technical difficulties they could not verify the existence of the Meissner effect.

However, the critical temperature measured decreases in the presence of a magnetic field (e.g., at a pressure of 34 GPa, the value of Tc falls to 8 in the absence of the field to zero in the T 3).


Thus, the theoretical predictions were correct for lithium, but whether they are true for hydrogen?

http://news.battery.ru

IN THE CHELYABINSK REGION, A NUMBER OF TRIP NETWORK JUNE 10 KV

In the Chelyabinsk region, a number of TRIPS ON THE 6 - 10 KW

On the eve of a dramatic change in the weather, squally winds and heavy snow have caused a series of outages in the network 6 - 10 kV. As a result of bad weather there were faults in the power supply of settlements in the northern and southern parts of the Chelyabinsk metallurgical field.

At the moment, partly remain de-energized 22 small settlements in the central part of the area (about 3,500 people).

Restoration of power supply is the 22 operational mobile teams of the branch of IDGC of Urals `` - `` Chelyabenergo. Energize the disconnected consumers planned for the day. Threats of harm to life and health of citizens do not.

PRECISION AND DEVELOPED A MOBILE DEVICE FOR DETECTION OF PLACES DAMAGE THE INSULATION ALLOWS YOU TO QUICKLY AND ON THE MOVE DEFINES THESE SITES

PRECISION AND DEVELOPED A MOBILE DEVICE FOR DETECTION OF PLACES insulation damage, allowing quick and to the motion is determined by these places.

Russian scientists have invented a more perfect and the mobile device for the detection of insulation faults in the contact network, and can be used on the electrified rail transport as well as on the overhead power lines.

To detect the fault location isolation devices are commonly used for fixation of PD, as PDs are a sign of insulation. Such devices are accurate and recorded partial discharges in their high-frequency radio emissions. But in practice, they do not apply because of the need to use a cathode-ray oscilloscopes and because of the complexity of visual information processing.

And while in motion, this method does not apply.

A device to detect the location of partial discharges, which are used in practice, and which are based on the use of acoustic methods, when used microphones or sensors and geometric triangulation to determine the location of a partial discharge is also limited by a number of disadvantages. These include: the difficulty tune the acoustic noise caused by the moving vehicle, especially when driving on rails, the need for multiple microphones or sensors impossibility of using these methods and apparatus for finding the source of partial discharge of a moving vehicle, since the microphones and sensors is difficult and dangerous to set in motion on verifiable insulators under dangerous voltage.

Proposed by a group of researchers: Mryhinym SD, Mryhinym DS, BP Peretokina and Figurnova EP device rid of all these drawbacks.

Its working principle is that the vehicle mounted parabolic mirror with an acoustic receiver that converts acoustic waves into electric. Damage to the prison record, where the average duration of a given number of bursts does not go beyond the established boundaries, as well as the average length of the pause between bursts, too, must not exceed these limits should be fixed and established the presence of a controlled support insulators.

The device includes a timer supports generator of rectangular pulses of the same duration burst of PD, the determinant of the average duration of the pulse, the determinant of the average length of the pause between the pulses, the coincidence circuit and recorder signals.

The advantage of this technology is the ability to tune out all sorts of high-frequency and low-frequency noise from a variety of sources and record only partial discharges damaged insulator, thereby improving the accuracy of the bearings are defective insulators and driving at high speed. This is possible because these discharges are followed regularly with a frequency determined by the frequency of the grid, although the amplitude, frequency, and duration of these discharges may be different.

That is, in a very short time and with high accuracy can detect damage to the line. This saves money and increases productivity.

Contact information:

344022, Rostov-on-Don City. Pushkin, 217, kv.7, SD Mryhinu

IN ZHAMBYL OF KAZAKHSTAN TO BUILD SOLAR POWER PARK

In ZHAMBYL OF KAZAKHSTAN TO BUILD SOLAR POWER PARK

The joint agreement signed a memorandum on cooperation in the development and construction of solar power park between Zhambyl region, AO `` NAC Kazatomprom JSC `and` KEGOC `.

The signing of this memorandum is the first step in the implementation of practical measures to ensure the sustainable growth of Kazakhstan#39;s economic development by increasing the share of renewable and alternative energy sources.

This project will be the practical implementation of the initiatives of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev to the partnership program #39;Green Bridge#39; and the Global Energy Strategy.

Construction of the park in Zhambyl solar power plants with unit capacity of 20 MW each, with the use of domestic solar modules have a positive multiplier effect on the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Zhambyl region carried out by organizational and technical support for the project.

Kazatomprom will provide manufacturing and supply key components of solar power - solar modules that meet the requirements of international quality certificates.

AO `KEGOC` will assist in obtaining technical conditions for connection to the grid and the organizational and technical assistance in the implementation of the project.

KUBAN POWER PLANT CASCADE HANDLE ROUTINE REPAIRS OF ALL GIDROAGREGAT

Kuban power plant cascade handle routine repairs of all GIDROAGREGAT

During the first 9 months of 2012, the station of the branch of RusHydro `` - `` Kuban power plant cascade developed 1,199,500,000 kWh of electricity, accounting for 101.2% of the planned target. In the last year of production for the nine months amounted to 1.1505 billion kWh, or 96.1% of the plan.

`To date, completed work on the third and fifth hydroelectric pumped storage, second and third - GES-3, the first - GES-4 and the second hydraulic unit Svistuhinskaya station. The cycle is complete overhaul of hydroelectric? 3 Svistuhinskaya HPS `- said Acting Director of JSC RusHydro `` - `` Kuban power plant cascade Gennady Sergeyev.

In September of 2012 was finished repairing the machine room Sengileyevskaya HPP and HPP headrace Egorlikskaya. At the waterworks HPP-2, GES-3 and GES-4 refurbished plates, fixing the dam daily regulation. The bed of the end portion of the discharge channel Barsuchkovskiy cleared of sediment, reinforced slopes of its shores.

In addition to the planned activities are carried out routine repairs of all hydroelectric power plant cascade of Kuban. Experts examine the flow-through parts, check the mounting of the impeller to the shaft of the turbine, conduct an audit of the turbine bearing and turbine shaft seal. In carrying out routine maintenance of hydraulic controlled by the guide bearings, thrust bearing and generator cooling system, maslovann upper and lower bracket.

As part of the comprehensive reconstruction of Cascade Kuban power plant to date, conducted a survey of the main and auxiliary equipment, reconnaissance survey and collection of baseline data on hydraulic structures and the surrounding area. Also, project documentation for the replacement switch on the HPP-2, a power transformer on GES-1 and the construction of idle water Egorlikskaya HPP. In November 2012 at the Alstom factory quality control will surge and line portals Sengileyevskaya HPP HPP-4.

GAS-INSULATED SWITCH INSTALLED ON ONE OF LARGE SUBSTATIONS TVER REGION

Gas-insulated switch installed on one of large substations Tver region

With the introduction of the new switch in the work significantly improved the reliability issue in the Central region of the power grid of the Kalinin NPP and TPP Konakovskaya.

The cost of removing the air circuit breaker installed on PS experienced more than 25 years ago, and its replacement by a modern gas-insulated analogue were performed within 30 days. After the necessary high voltage test the new switch was put into operation.

Gas switches, in contrast to the previously used oil and air, are more reliable, have a much more technical resource and does not require constant maintenance. They are designed for ease of maintenance and to minimize the amount of repair work.

Experimental Substation, built in 1967, is located on the outskirts of the city Konakovo (Tver region). The installed capacity of 1,251 MVA power facility. From the substation depart two 750 kV transmission lines going through transit flows of electricity between the power of the Center and the Northwest Power and issuance of the Kalinin nuclear power plant of about 1000 MVA and 500 kV transmission line on which the issue of power Konakovskaya power plant in excess of 500 MVA.

SVERDLOVSKY OBLKOMMUNENERGO TURN OFF DEBTORS

SVERDLOVSKY Oblkommunenergo turn OFF DEBTORS

Today, the responsibility for Oblkommunenergo electric grid direction - 37 cities in the region.

In agreement with the employees of retail companies produce Oblkommunenergo off debtors: how individuals and organizations.

If you compare the same periods of 2011 and 2012 (January-October) produced by the constraints of consumers, then there is a reduction in the number of debtors of legal persons (2011 - issued orders and made restrictions 4043, and 2012 - 3070), but the debtors - individuals so far, apparently not fully realized the inevitability of `punishment` and their number even increased slightly (2011 - 1612 and 2012 - 1808).

Accordingly, a number of organizations in the total amount of limited consumer predetermined decrease in the number of debtors in general: 2011 - 5655 and 2012 - 4878.

If you look at the picture on individual municipalities, in 2011 the leaders of indebted consumers to limit among individuals were Pervoural#39;sk - 181, Artemovskii - and Polevskoi 147 - 135, in 2012, the picture has looked quite different: in the first place Asbestos - 305 restrictions , Tugulym - Talitsa-159 and 142.

Debtor - legal entities in 2011, the leaders of `top` Pishma - 1075, Polevskoi - Krasnoufimsk and 498 - 312. In 2012, the overall picture, as well as from individuals who significantly changed: it is now with the amount of asbestos-limits - 356, Artemovskii - Polevskoi and 343 - 304.

Employees Oblkommunenergo recognized that the need to produce electricity restriction debtors, of course, the energy industry is perceived as something strange and unpleasant, BUT .. realizing that the only certainty of punishment may encourage debtors to comply with the payment discipline and time to pay for the maintenance of labor power engineers reliable and uninterrupted power supply, power suppliers and employees will continue to do this kind of activity ``: the hope for a speedy rehabilitation of debtors and a significant reduction in non-core #39; `work.

In addition, the housing sector experts note a clear relationship between the active work to limit the debtors and the level of payments: in `electrics #39;, where there is an opportunity to influence the debtor by means of constraints, the level of fees is close to 100%, in the` warm#39;, where the restriction is almost impossible - the level of payments by an average of 75%.

IZZY SNOWFALL IN ALTAY TERRITORY POWER OUT

BECAUSE OF SNOWFALL IN ALTAY TERRITORY Power out

With 04-00 hours of November 13 of IDGC of Siberia `` - `` Altaienergo introduced a special operation. The company employs an operational headquarters.

As a result of adverse weather conditions in the region occurred off in electrical networks. 36 de-energized overhead line voltage of 10 kV and 484 transformer substations 10/0, 4 kV.

Without electricity were 40 schools, 15 kindergartens, 11 hospitals, 41 boiler room, 74 water supply facilities.

In the recovery operation involved 28 teams (98 people), 28 pieces of equipment.

On Tuesday, in the Altai region is expected to increase in wind up to 15-20 meters per second, gusts up to 23-28 meters per second, wet snow, blizzard, glaze effects (sticking of wet snow on the roads - black ice).

THE WATER INFLOW IN MOST RESERVOIRS OF THE VOLGA AND KAMA RIVERS EXCEEDS THE NORM BY 1 2 2 1 TIMES

The water inflow in most reservoirs of the Volga and Kama rivers exceeds the norm by 1.2 - 2.1 times

Prior to that, the Volgograd hydroelectric missed through their construction 5000 - 5200 m ³ / s with average daily waste amounts 4800m ³ / s.

Changing the operation mode for the Volgograd hydroelectric associated with uncharacteristic for this time of year, the natural phenomenon - rain floods. From November 6, due to heavy rainfall in the upper basin of the Volga and Kama, a sharp increase in the inflow of water in the reservoirs of the Volga-Kama cascade.

According to the Hydromet in November inflow of water in most of the reservoirs of the Volga and Kama exceed the rate of 1.2 - 2.1 times and will be in the amount of 15-20 km ³, which is almost 40% more than the norm. In the updated forecast upward flow of water in the 4th quarter of 2012. He is expected to be above the norm by more than 30%.

IN THE FLOODPLAINS OF THE OKA AND VOLGA VETLUGA RISING WATER LEVEL

In the floodplains of the rivers Volga, Oka and VETLUGA RISING WATER LEVEL

The focus of power engineering are floodplains of the rivers Volga, Oka and Vetluga, where, according to the meteorologist, the rise of the water level.
During the period of river flooding increases the risk of accidents on facilities energy complex. Although the autumn flood came as a surprise to the Nizhny Novgorod region, energy were ready for it. `` Nizhnovenergo staff has many years of successful experience in a spring tide and has been appropriately trained. Back in the early spring of this year to employees of the network were organized emergency response drills to eliminate potential process failures that may occur as a result of flooding of power, and extraordinary briefings on how to act in a flood period with the use of special equipment.

Energy industry in advance implemented a set of measures to ensure a reliable, trouble-free operation of the equipment, buildings and facilities of the complex power grid during the flood.

SKOLKOVO STOLEN EQUIPMENT

SKOLKOVO STOLEN EQUIPMENT

`All cable and cable overhead power lines built JSC FGC UES` `within the project Skolkovo power IC` `are currently under stress - says the Deputy Director General - Chief Engineer of MES Center Sergey Demin. - The lines are operating normally, damage on any of our facilities in the area of IC Skolkovo no `.

UKRAINE DOUBLE EXPORTS POWER

UKRAINE double exports POWER

The increase was due to uninterrupted electricity supplies to Belarus over the entire period, as well as an increase in the supply of electricity in the EU countries, including Poland (resumed in October 2011).

The volume of export transactions with coal is reduced. The decrease in exports in the third quarter of 2012 by 20.6% to 638.4 thousand tons are still due to lower demand in foreign markets and the low price for thermal coal as compared to the same period in 2011. The lack of imports of coal production due to sufficient internal resources for generating enterprises.

Purchase of electricity in the wholesale electricity market DTEK energy supply companies in the first nine months of 2012 increased by 3.6 times and amounted to 38.2 billion kWh.

On such a significant growth rate influenced the purchase of new energy supply companies, which significantly increase the volume of purchases and, accordingly, the supply of electricity to consumers.

In particular, in December 2011, DTEK consolidated 72.33% of the company `` Kyivenergo, in January 2012 - 71.34% Donetskoblenergo `` DTEK, in April 2012 - 51.50% `` DTEK Dneprooblenergo in May - 57 50% `` Krymenergo DTEK. It is important to note that the growth rate somewhat offset by a decline in demand for electricity from the mining and metallurgical complex, which consume more than 80% of the electricity supplied to the enterprise `service` Invest.

DTEK energy supplying companies continue to implement investment projects of technical upgrading and construction of new substations, upgrading and construction of power lines. Total funding for projects in this area in the III quarter was 609.6 million UAH (including VAT). Capital investments in the `` Kyivenergo capacity for generation and distribution of electricity in the period amounted to 343.6 million UAH (including VAT).

This will reduce the number of outages, reduce losses in networks.

BELEXPOCENTER `INVITES AT THE INTERREGIONAL VYSTAVKUYARMARKU` AUTUMN MOTIVE '

`` Belexpocenter ANNOUNCES Interregional Fair Autumn motive ``

Oriented entrepreneurs and potential customers, the fair is held in the exhibition and congress complex from 21 to 23 September 2012.

Among the participants are 138 enterprises from 25 regions of Russia and four companies of the Republic of Belarus.

At the fair, the visitors will be presented with gifts, souvenirs, clothing for adults and children, hats, hosiery, shoes, dry goods, household appliances, household goods, home textiles, home furnishings, cosmetics, perfumes, jewelry, drinks, food.

The official opening will take place on September 21 at 12:00.

MASTERCLASS IN ACTUAL TRENDS IN TEXTILES FROM CLAUDIO HERKE

MASTER CLASS IN ACTUAL TRENDS IN TEXTILES FROM Claudio HERKE

Heimtextil Frankfurt exhibition is the legislator of global trends in the field of textiles. Each year, designers from around the world to discuss the creative process of identifying key trends that are relevant for the coming season, and based on this developing trend-book of the season. Professionals around the world listen to the opinion of the Board of designers Heimtextil Trends, which helps to better navigate the ongoing cultural and social events, and to understand the needs of the consumer.

One of the participants in Heimtextil Trends - Claudia Herke, designer studios bora.herke.palmisano. Claudia process of identifying current trends and new to give a master class, where will cover the basic trend of the textile industry in 2012/2013, and will also give a lot of advice for the textile decoration.

Master classes Claudia Herke will be held September 26 and 27 at 12:30 and 14:30, Pavilion 2, Hall 9, Stand B70. Participation in all seminars and workshops for visitors free of charge. Admission to the exhibition is available on the event website.